ANSWER:
Short answer - try this command:
cat /proc/version
It may output something like this:
Linux version 2.6.18-371.4.1.el5 (mockbuild@x86-027.build.eng.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-54)) #1 SMP Wed Jan 8 18:42:07 EST 2014
Here is the article that explains proc version output format in more details